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2024-11-28

How to choose the right sprinkler heads for a landscape irrigation system?

I. Sprinkler Selection When selecting sprinklers, in addition to considering their inherent performance, such as operating pressure, flow rate, range, combined irrigation intensity, and adjustability of spray angle, factors such as soil's allowable irrigation intensity, plot size and shape, water source conditions, and user requirements must also be considered. Furthermore, in the same project or the same irrigation group within a project, it is best to use the same model or similar performance sprinklers to facilitate the control of irrigation uniformity and the operation and management of the entire system. In existing projects, some have installed sprinklers with completely different performances in a pursuit of water features, resulting in unassured irrigation uniformity. It is particularly important to note when selecting sprinklers that irrigation systems are not fountains. Their purpose is to supplement the temporal and spatial water needs of plants, not to create artificial water features. Therefore, landscape effects should only be considered after the water needs are met. There are many types of such sprinklers. Classified by range, there are short-range sprinklers (0.6-5.8 meters), medium-short range sprinklers (4.3-9.1 meters), medium-range sprinklers (8.5-15.9 meters), and long-range sprinklers (over 20 meters). Classified by spray type, there are spray sprinklers, jet sprinklers, rotary sprinklers, and rotary jet sprinklers. Classified by application, there are garden sprinklers, golf course sprinklers, etc. These sprinklers can automatically pop up from the ground when pressurized water is sprayed and retract when watering stops, without affecting mechanical operations in the garden landscape. II. Sprinkler Introduction 1.1 Short-Range Sprinklers Generally non-rotating spray sprinklers. These sprinklers have pop-up heights of 50mm, 75mm, 100mm, 150mm, and 300mm, with a variety of optional spray patterns or adjustable angle nozzles, and relatively high irrigation intensity. They are suitable not only for small-area irrigation but also for watering and dust removal of shrubs and hedges. Most nozzles of this type of sprinkler are "matched irrigation intensity nozzles," meaning that the irrigation intensity is basically the same whether it is full-circle spray, half-circle, 90 degrees, or other angles. This characteristic is extremely beneficial for ensuring the uniformity of the system's spray. 1.2 Medium-Short Range Sprinklers Mostly rotary sprinklers, with a range of 4.3-11.3 meters and pop-up heights of 100mm, 150mm, and 300mm. This type of sprinkler is suitable for medium-sized green spaces and irrigation of shrubs and flowers. In particular, the MP series of buried rotary jet sprinklers, with a range of 3-9 meters, is especially suitable for slopes and newly planted areas due to its unique spray method and unparalleled water-saving characteristics. 1.3 Medium-Range Sprinklers Mostly rotary sprinklers, suitable for irrigating medium-sized green spaces. They have pop-up heights of 100mm and 300mm and are suitable for larger areas. The I-20 sprinkler is equipped with a pressure relief valve and an optional stainless steel riser with a unique valve at the top, which allows for individual closure of a sprinkler during system operation for easy maintenance or nozzle replacement. 1.4 Long-Range Sprinklers The range is over 20 meters. They are characterized by high material strength and good impact resistance. In addition to being used for large-area irrigation, they are particularly suitable for sports field irrigation systems. For all ranges of sprinklers, "pressure relief type" sprinklers can be selected. Pressure relief sprinklers are generally installed in the lower parts of irrigation systems with significant terrain undulations to effectively prevent water in the pipes from overflowing from low-position sprinklers when watering stops, affecting the normal growth of surrounding areas. Soil's allowable irrigation intensity is one of the main factors affecting sprinkler selection. Irrigation intensity refers to the water depth sprayed onto the ground per unit time. We generally consider the combined irrigation intensity because irrigation systems are basically composed of multiple sprinklers working simultaneously. The requirement for irrigation intensity is that the water falling to the ground can immediately infiltrate the soil without causing waterlogging or surface runoff, i.e., the combined irrigation intensity (ρcombined) of the sprinkler should be less than or equal to the soil's water infiltration rate. In addition, the soil's allowable irrigation intensity decreases significantly with increasing terrain slope. For example, when the slope is greater than 12%, the soil's allowable irrigation intensity will be reduced by more than 50%. Therefore, special attention should be paid to sprinkler selection for projects with undulating terrain.

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2024-08-29

How to install an automatic irrigation system in a villa garden? What type of sprinkler is suitable?

Step 1: First, check the water source. A garden should have a designated water source. After determining the location of the water source, determine the main plants in the garden, including lawns, shrubs, trees, or flower beds. Determine which side has more greenery, which side may be paved, and which side is suitable for a path. Step 2: Determine the size, dimensions, and flow rate of the water pipes. Connect the main pipe from the water source, leading to each green lawn. Then, branch out several secondary pipes from the main pipe to control each lawn and shrub.

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2024-09-26

Advantages of landscape irrigation systems

I. Water Conservation Garden spray irrigation uses pipeline water delivery, and various sprinklers evenly spray pressurized water flow onto the surface of garden green spaces. This effectively reduces the waste of excess water from infiltration, evaporation, and surface runoff in manual irrigation, greatly improving water utilization efficiency. Compared with traditional flood irrigation, canal irrigation, and manual irrigation, water utilization efficiency can be increased by more than 75%.

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2024-08-29

Construction steps of a garden automatic sprinkler irrigation system project

The general requirements for the construction and installation of garden irrigation systems are that they must be strictly in accordance with the design. Any modifications to the design must first be approved by the design unit and the competent authority. The construction technical standards for this project's irrigation system shall be implemented in accordance with the "Construction and Acceptance Specifications for Water Supply and Drainage Pipeline Engineering" (No. CB 50268-97) issued and implemented by the Ministry of Construction in 1998.

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